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Top1. Introduction
Coral reefs are a very unique type of ecosystem in the ocean and are known as the “tropical rainforest in the ocean” and the “oasis in the blue desert” due to their high primary productivity and biodiversity (Wang & Li, 2021). It not only provides abundant marine products, medicines, and construction and industrial raw materials to human society, but also has the ecological benefits of bank protection, environmental protection, and high aesthetic and scientific research value (Ai et al., 2022). It is an important life support system. Coral reef ecosystems are sensitive to changes in the external environment (Ju et al., 2022). In recent years, due to climate change and human activities, global coral reefs have experienced significant decline (Xu et al., 2022). Aubrecht et al., (2008) present a satellite-based approach to gather information about the threat to coral reefs worldwide. Continuing coral-reef degradation in the western Atlantic is resulting in loss of ecological and geologic functions of reefs. With the goal of assisting resource managers and stewards of reefs in setting and measuring progress toward realistic goals for coral-reef conservation and restoration, Kuffner et al., (2016) examine reef degradation in this region from a geological perspective. Hoegh-Guldberg et al., (2018) argue for a coordinated, global coral reef conservation strategy that is centered on 50 large (500km) regions that are the least vulnerable to climate change and which are positioned to facilitate future coral reef regeneration. Bellwood et al., (2019) present a blueprint for future reef conservation that recognizes the need to better understand the processes that maintain Anthropocene reefs and the growing imperative to reform conservation efforts to address both specific local issues and larger-scale threats. Therefore, when using coral reef resources, it is necessary to carry out scientific assessment, formulate reasonable development strategies, strengthen management, and correctly handle the relationship between economic development and coral reef protection, so as to achieve the maximum benefit and sustainable utilization of resources (Guo & Wang, 2021). The evaluation of the value of natural resources is an inevitable trend of establishing and improving a socialist market economy and an inevitable requirement for building an ecological civilization and promoting economic development and transformation (Sowińska-Świerkosz et al., 2021). As one of the core concepts of ecological civilization construction, the evaluation of natural resources marks that the author’s country's natural resource management is undergoing, and will continue to undergo, a major transformation, from focusing only on the physical form of natural resources to also attaching importance to the value form of natural resources (Hongyun et al., 2012). The rational allocation of resources turns to also focus on the rational disposal of natural resource assets (Tan & Yin, 2021).